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Augustin-Jean Fresnel ( ; ; 1788–1827), was a French engineer and physicist who contributed significantly to the establishment of the theory of wave optics. Fresnel studied the behaviour of light both theoretically and experimentally. He is perhaps best known as the inventor of the Fresnel lens, first adopted in lighthouses while he was a French commissioner of lighthouses, and found in many applications today. His Fresnel equations on waves and reflectivity also form the basis for many applications in computer graphics today - for instance, the rendering of water. ==Personal life and education== Fresnel was the son of an architect, born at Broglie (Eure). His early progress in learning was slow, and he still could not read when he was eight years old. At thirteen he entered the École Centrale in Caen, and at sixteen and a half the École Polytechnique, where he acquitted himself with distinction. From there he went to the École des Ponts et Chaussées. He received only scant public recognition during his lifetime for his labours in the cause of optical science. Some of his papers were not printed by the Académie des Sciences until many years after his death. But as he wrote to Young in 1824: in himself "that sensibility, or that vanity, which people call love of glory" had been blunted. "All the compliments," he says, "that I have received from Arago, Laplace and Biot never gave me so much pleasure as the discovery of a theoretic truth, or the confirmation of a calculation by experiment". Fresnel has been described as a man with interest in religious questions and deep faith in God.〔Graves, Dan. 1996. ''Scientists of Faith: Forty-eight Biographies of Historic Scientists and Their Christian Faith''. Kregel Publications. pp. 102-103〕〔Varadaraja Raman. 2005. ''Variety in Religion and Science: Daily Reflections''. iUniverse. p. 390〕〔Kneller, Karl Alois. 1911. ''(Christianity and the leaders of modern science; a contribution to the history of culture in the nineteenth century" )''. "The Theory of Light". pp. 147-148〕 As a form of consolation, he took religion very seriously especially during his illness.〔(Fresnel, Augustin Jean )''. Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography | 2008 |〕〔Charles George Herbermann. 1913. ''The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church, Volume 6''. Universal Knowledge Foundation. p. 280〕 He spent much of his life in Paris, and died of tuberculosis at Ville-d'Avray, near Paris. His is one of the 72 names inscribed on the Eiffel Tower. The writer Prosper Mérimée (1803-1870) was his first cousin. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Augustin-Jean Fresnel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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